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Whose Past? Managing Endangered Cultural Heritage

Explore new approaches to the understanding and enhancement of endangered cultural heritage, and experiment new technologies applied for the protection and communication of the value of the human past.

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CIVIS focus area
Society, culture, heritage
Open to
  • Master's
  • PhD candidates/ students
Field of studies
  • Social Science and humanities
Type
  • Blended Intensive Programmes (BIP)
Course dates
26 September 2025 - 16 January 2026
Apply by
4 May 2025 Apply now

The program aims to educate students on the issues of the destruction and protection of both tangible and intangible heritage.

In an era of demographic, urban, and climatic pressures, as well as ongoing wars at the gates of Europe, heritage is increasingly subjected to threats of destruction, sometimes accidental, sometimes intentional. The program seeks to explore political issues and the instrumentalization of heritage by state actors. Students are encouraged to develop a critical, constructive, and inclusive response to these challenges.

By gaining expertise in national and international legal frameworks, students will also develop awareness and practical tools (such as mediation and digitalization) that can be shared by institutional decision-makers and citizens alike. The teaching team’s expertise, drawn from diverse backgrounds and countries, with a particular focus on ancient Western Asia—where issues of endangered cultural heritage have been particularly pressing in recent years—will offer students a broad and varied perspective.

Furthermore, archives of UNESCO World Heritage sites, such as Arslantepe, Palmyra, and Petra, will be presented to students, offering relevant case studies where experiments with digital tools have yielded valuable insights.

Main topics addressed:

  • Cultural heritage and identity
  • Digital technologies applied to cultural heritage
  • International law on cultural heritage
  • Use and Abuse of Cultural Heritage
  • Illicit Trafficking of Cultural goods
  • Ways to deal with archaeological archives of Unesco sites

Learning outcomes:

At the end of the course, the students will:

  • be able to interpret what defines heritage at risk;
  • identify examples of heritage at risk;
  • reach agreements on how to intervene to save it;
  • know (at least part of) the history behind this heritage;
  • become aware of the political issues and risks of instrumentalization related to both the definition and management of Cultural Heritage;
  • become familiar with basic international and national norms and Legal framework related to Cultural Heritage;
  • identify, analyse and anticipate risks incurred by Cultural Heritage in its multiple formats and define the accurate answers to provide, taking advantage of past experiences, including errors;
  • use digital humanities as a knowledge and prevention tool;
  • develop inclusiveness and co-responsibilities of audiences.
Dates: 26 September 2025 - 16 January 2026 Total workload: 90 hours
Format: Blended ECTS: 3*
Location: Rome, Italy Language: English (B1)
Contact: lucia.mori@uniroma1.it  

*recognition of ECTS depends on your home university

Physical mobility

The Physical mobility section of the course will be held between 12-16 January 2026 in Rome (Italy) after the following schedule:

Monday:

  • 10:00 – 13:00 AM: Welcoming session with greetings from Sapienza head of the Department of Scienze dell'Antichità and Professors of the teaching staff. Presentation of the activities carried out by the teaching staff at Sapienza dealing with endangered cultural heritage. And explanation of the students presentations and evaluations at the end of the physical component. 
  • 3:00 - 6:00 PM: How to deal with archaeological archives: visit and practical activities on the archives of the archaeological expeditions at Arslantepe (Türkiye), Ebla (Syria) and Tell Zurghul (Iraq). methodologies, aims and issues will be discussed with the students and with the whole teaching staff. Topic such as reopening an excavation after a civil war (Ebla) and dealing with a Unesco site struck by an earthquake (Arslantepe), will be addressed.

Tuesday:

  • 10:00 -13:00 AM: How to protect cultural heritage from damage and looting in difficult geographic regions. Discussion on the problem of Illicit traffics of cultural heritage. An intervention of a representative of the Carabinieri per la tutela del patrimonio culturale will be organized.
  • 3:00 - 6:00 PM: Exploration of the use of digital humanities at Sapienza laboratory and discussion on the contemporary technologies utilized to deal with cultural heritage. This will be followed by a visit to an archaeological site in Roma where digital reconstruction help the understanding of the site. 

Wednesday:

  • 10:00 - 13:00 AM: Visit of Academia Belgica: In the course of this visit the following topics will be discussed: What image does a National academy in Rome promote? What is the role of international academies in promoting the knowledge on cultural heritage preservation?
  • 3:00 - 6:00 PM: Visit of the Swiss Institute in Rome discussing the same topics.

Thursday:

  • 10:00 - 13:00 AM: Colonization and Instrumentalization of cultural heritage: tour of 1930s Rome 
  • 3:00 - 6:00 PM: Presentation of the projects carried out by each student and process of evaluation
  • 6:00 - 7:30 PM: Social event: Roman Aperitif at Sapienza

Friday:

  • 10:00 - 23:00 AM: What is the role of private collections in the preservation of cultural heritage? Visit at Museo Baracco with the Egyptian and Oriental collections.
  • 3:00 - 5:00 PM: Presentation of the project carried out by each student and process of evaluation
  • 5:00 - 6:00 PM: Final greetings

Virtual part

The virtual part will take place between 26 September - 12 December 2025, as following:

26 September, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET - General Introduction: presentation of the teaching staff, explanation of the course contents 

3 October, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET - Cultural Heritage and Identity (Laurent Tholbecq) 

10 October, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET - International and national Legal framework (Patrick Michel)

17 October, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET: Cultural Heritage at risk (Lucia Mori, Lorenzo Verderame, Davide Nadali, Francesca Ballossi Restelli, Laurent Tholbecq)

24 October, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET: Cultural Heritage and Digital Humanitites. Practical Approaches (Patrick Michel, Lorenzo Verderame) 

31 October, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET: Cultural Heritage and Digital Humanitites: Critical Issues (Lorenzo Verderame, Laurent Tholbecq) 

7 November, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET: Use and Abuse of Cultural Heritage (Lucia Mori, Davide Nadali, Fernando Escribano Martin) 

14 November, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET: Illicit Trafficking and Economic Management of Cultural Goods (Lorenzo Verderame, Davide Nadali) 

21 November, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET: Case studies: Archaeology in colonial context: cases studies from central Africa and Israeli and occupied territories (Nicolas Nikis – Laurent Tholbecq) 

28 November, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET: Case studies: Arcaheology in Türkiye (Unesco site Arslantepe), Syria (Ebla) and Iraq (tell Zhurgul) (Francesca Balossi Restelli – Davide Nadali) 

5 December, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET: Case studies: The cultural old heritage protection in the Madrid region (Fernando Escribano Martin)

12 December, 4:00 - 6:00 PM CET: Debating Present and Future Issues on endangered cultural heritage: open discussion with teaching staff and students on the questions raised in the course of the virtual component.

Assessment

Students will be assessed on the basis of an oral presentation on a specific topic among the many related to the course, assigned to the participant at the end of the virtual component, and to be presented during the physical component (see the  programme above).

The assessment will be based on the following criteria:

  • cooperation as a competence,
  • ability to summarise ideas,
  • understanding of nuances,
  • being aware of political issues and risks, 
  • adaptation to the work environment, and
  • meeting deadlines.

Specific skills include critical thinking, adaptability, collaborating, thinking outside the box and comparing, ability to express sensitivity in relation to personal identity, and use of digital tools.

This course is open to Master's and PhD' students at CIVIS member universities, with knowledge of the English language and interest for the course. Critical thinking skills and Digital humanities and Heritage enhancement knowledge are also assets. 

This CIVIS course is a Blended Intensive Programme (BIP) - a new format of Erasmus+ mobility which combines online teaching with a short trip to another campus to learn alongside students and professors across Europe.

NB: Visiting Students - Erasmus Funding Eligibility

To be eligible for your selected CIVIS programme, you must be a fully enrolled student at your CIVIS home university at the time you will be undertaking the programme. Applications for this course are only available for the 11 CIVIS member universities in Europe.

Partner universities:

  • Sapienza Università di Roma (Italia)
  • Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain)
  • Université Libre de Bruxelles (Belgium)
  • Université de Lausanne (Switzerland)

Professors: 

Lucia Mori is Associate professor of History of the ancient Near East at Sapienza University in Rome. She is member of the PhD school in Pholology and history of the ancient world at sapienza University. She has collaborated to several archeological expeditions in Syria and Libya and she is currently in charge of the the research on the Hittite and post-Hittite phase at Arslantepe, Türkiye. She is currently coordinating a Prin PNRR project on "Planning the future of a Unesco site: setting a model for the protection of a World Heritage site as a node of multidisciplinary scientific research and laboratory for social integration, international cooperation, landscape preservation and cultural dissemination".

Patrick Maxime Michel studied classical archaeology, ancient history and is specialised in Assyriology in Geneva and Rome as a member of the Swiss Institute; DAS in cultural property law (2021); several excavation campaigns in Syria with the American University of Beirut. He is also a member of the scientific committee of the ALIPH foundation. He is a Senior lecturer in ancient history and heads the Collart-Palmyra project at the University of Lausanne, dealing with the Baalshamîn sanctuary in Palmyra, now destroyed. He is also the director of the NUCLEUS faculty centre, a centre of expertise active in Digital Studies.

Laurent Tholbecq is Professor of Classical Archaeology (Roman Provinces) at the Université libre de Bruxelles. He has worked in the Near East since 1992 and headed the French archaeological mission in Petra (Jordan) since 2013. His expertise is in Hellenistic and Roman architecture in the Near East; he has a particular interest in Nabataean studies, Provincia Arabia, and Cultural Heritage Studies.

Fernando Escribano Martín is associate professor of Ancient Near Eastern history at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and is also specialised in the study of the origins of this part of history. He has worked on issues of heritage and transfer, and is very interested in how and when the legacy of Mesopotamian culture has been produced in Classical and Muslim history. Sharing these holistic views, with researchers and students, is the cause and motive of this research, and is part of what will be worked on in this course.

Francesca Balossi Restelli is Full Professor of Pre- and Protohistory of Western Asia at Sapienza University of Rome. A specialist in Neolithic and Chalcolithic Anatolia and Northern Mesopotamia, she directs research at Arslantepe (UNESCO WH site), where she coordinates an international team. Her research focuses on food, pottery technology, and social complexity, as well as on management of archaeological sites, protection and conservation. A former Humboldt Fellow, she has excavated across Europe, Central America, and the Near East. She is associate editor of Origini and serves on several scientific boards. She has published over 100 scholarly works.

Lorenzo Verderame is an associate professor in Assyriology, he is the coordinator of the Oriental curriculum of the PhD school in Philology and History of the Ancient World and teaches Sumerian, Akkadian and Eblaite languages, Mesopotamian Literatures and Introduction to Mesopotamian Cultures. He is the author of a dozen monographs and over a hundred articles on the administrative documents of 3rd millennium Mesopotamia, material culture and various aspects of religion and literature as well as the history of studies. He is also the epigrapher for the Italian archaeological mission at Nina/Niĝin (Tell Surghul, Iraq) and at Ebla (Tell Mardikh, Syria

Davide Nadali is an Associate Professor of Near Eastern Archaeology at Sapienza University of Rome. He serves as the director of the Italian archaeological excavation at Tell Zurghul/Nigin in Iraq. In 2019, he was appointed Vice-Director of the Ebla Expedition and Principal Investigator of the Ebla Project for the study and publication of Ebla materials and excavation reports. Since 2020, he has been the director of the Italian section of the joint Syro-Italian archaeological expedition at Tell Ferzat in Damascus, Syria. His primary interests include the art, architecture, and urbanism of ancient Assyria; the emergence of urbanism in Syria and Mesopotamia; ancient warfare; and landscape archaeology, with a particular focus on ancient waterscapes.

Nicolas Nikis is an archaeologist, specialist of central Africa. He holds a PhD in History, Art History and Archaeology (Université libre de Bruxelles Belgium, 2018) with a thesis entitled “Archeology of ancient copper metallurgy in the Niari basin, Republic of the Congo”. He held various positions, including at the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge (2019-2021). Since 2021 he works at ULB (CReA-Patrimoine; Centre d'Anthropologie culturelle) and at the Royal Museum of Central Africa as a FED-tWIN researcher. He coordinates or participates in several research and academic training projects in Central Africa.

Marina Gallinaro is an Associate Professor of Prehistory and Protohistory at the Sapienza University of Rome, where she teaches Endangered Archaeology Management, Prehistory of Art, and African Prehistory. Her research centers on the relationship between humans and the environment in drylands - with a focus on the emergence and practice of pastoralism in Africa, including symbolic and rock art studies -, as well as on cultural heritage management and sustainable development projects -focusing on cultural landscapes and African rock art sites. A former fellow at UCLA and ICCROM, she has excavated in northern (Libya and Egypt) and eastern Africa (Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Kenia) and Oman. She directs research in the Borana zone (southern Ethiopia), in the Singida region (Tanzania) and in Italy (Ranaldi Rock Shelter).

Send your application by filling in the online application form by 4 May 2025, and including:

  • CV,
  • motivation letter.

Applications will be evaluated based on the documents above. 

Apply now

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